Communication protocols for networking devices

Computers and networking devices have become all the more important in day to day life today. With internet being the most important medium of communication and data transfer, computers have become all the more valuable. Not just computers there are plenty of devices right from the simplest micro controllers to handheld programmers, to serial ports to USB cables, serial device servers, terminal servers etc that help in storing, transferring data across different machines, storage devices and also external storage mediums. Some of these protocols that are used to program basic electronic circuits that help in data communication are discussed here:

Serial communication

Serial communication protocols enable devices to consume serial data from a nine pin port, encapsulate the data in a TCP packet and transmit it through an Ethernet network via an configurable IP address and port number. The biggest advantage in this mode of communication is the reduction in the number of wires used to connect portable memory devices like flash drives. Also these serial file transfer protocols are secured and does not attribute to any data loss.

Parallel communication

The communication protocol is used in connecting devices like modems, printers, data collection terminals and other automatic equipment to PC's where data transfer does not happen in a serial fashion and data is transmitted to numerous receivers in parallel. These protocols are also secured with numerous points of reception so that even if at one receiver point the data pocket gets lost, it can be retrieved from other centers.

In either of these protocols, the data transfer could be synchronous or asynchronous in nature. Programmable software can use either of these protocols to initiate data transfer between the PC and devices in a secured fashion keeping information secured and intact. Both this approach are employed based on requirement.

Know the steps for programming EPROM easily and conveniently

Gone are the days when flash memory used to be so costly. A 512 MB pen drive is available at a very nominal price that every organization gifts it to their new joiner. Semi-conductor IC fabrication technology has evolved into a technologically advanced field that Erasable programmable read only memory(EPROM) chips are manufactured in bulk. Why EPROM? It is the kind of non-volatile memory that is available with flash drives and external hard disks which are in turn used as storage devices. To make these devices programmable there are  universal EPROM programmer software that helps to program these chips easily and most conveniently. These software comes with unique capabilities and features that gives the programmer a lot of useful functions and information without additional complexity. The steps in which an universal IC programmer works are defined as below:

User interface

The best part of these programming software is that they come with a good user interface where in one can select the IC( EPROM in this case) chip by manufacturer and part number.

Copy, read or write

To program read, write or copy contents into a chip there are icons available on the user interface which spells read, write or copy. One can even load a content of a file in different file formats and check it on the screen.

Auto option

In some universal programmer softwares, there is an auto option which does a blank check and erases  a chip, programs and verifies all in one go without human intervention.

These are simple steps in which a chip can be programmed repeatedly and used effectively. Only branded company with advance knowledge can only do this program. Hence it ios always advice for this kind of advance programming you need to log look for only best company. 

EEPROM tool kits - Best suited for hobby electronics design

Electronic circuit design and development has been a popular hobby activity for students and even adults. Those who love to spend time in creating new projects for their home or commercial usage keep on looking for programmable chips where in they can feed in their instructions that will inturn drive an assembly of motors or even any mechanical parts. Such innovative electronics kits make youngsters think differently and more efficiently. One such toolkit is the EEPROM programmer kit where in the project developers can program, erase or re-program their serial flash memory chips. They are more useful because:

Flexibility
Flash memory is the extra extend able memory that can be programmed as per user convenience. This memory chip is made out of semi-conductor and these non-volatile memory can be altered electronically when ever required by the programmer giving it maximum flexibility while at work. And hence found to be extensively in use by the programmer.


Read and write
This semi-conductor memory allows the users to read and write data into it. Though to erase and reprogram relatively high voltage is required, these memories can be run with single supply there by reducing the cost of the overall programmable kit.

Types
These EEPROM kits come in different types namely serial programmable kits, parallel programmable kits which can be used to construct different electronic circuits that are integral for software development.

Thus in simple words, these re-programmable flash chips are used in plenty of electronic industries to create wonderful circuits that make life simple, elegant and sophisticated. And to ensure best quality programmer you need to do little survey and read the services offered by each company from their service page.Only branded company with good exposure are only found to be the best suitable option.

Device Servers for Quick and Easy File Transfers

Computers have evolved over time in terms of performance and capacity. Now that smart devices too have come into picture, there are huge amount of data lying everywhere that needs to be transferred between asynchronous devices. Security being the main concern for all data communication serial port not only provide secured data communication but enable fast transfer without any interruption.

These devices are connected via serial ports, USB cables, serial device server, terminal servers etc and data transfer across the Ethernet can happen quickly and also efficiently. Among the lot, these device servers enable one to connect any equipment with an RS232, RS422 or RS485 serial port to an Ethernet. It comes with lots of advantages and some of them are highlighted as below.

Authentic serial communication
These devices are capable of consuming serial data from a nine pin port, encapsulate in an TCP packet and send it through an Ethernet network via an configurable IP address and port number. This way the usage of numerous cables for connecting USB flash memories etc can be reduced and data transfer happens through easy file transfer protocol minimizing work place clutter.

Connect distant async devices
The second most important feature of these device servers is that they can access distant serial devices with finesse similar to connecting the devices directly to a COM port of a PC. They can be used with any type of async devices like modem, printers, data collection terminals and automation equipment making; data transfer across any device simple easy and straightforward. This technology ensures 0% loss of data and thus found to be very reliable and trust worthy.

So, these are the some of the advantages of the serial port to have un-interrupted file transfer and found to be very handy in office environment.

2 Simple Tips for selecting the PIC Micro Controller for your Design

What is the model of micro controller that you have used in your project and why have you chosen the same? This is the first question that gets shot at you when you display your project to your professor. The question is legit as there are numerous variations of PIC micro controllers available in the market and choosing the most efficient one in terms of performance and cost comes with practice. Experts list a selection criteria that helps students to select the right PIC for their projects

Technical specifications
Memory size, Bit length, Pin count, cost, debugging facility etc are some vital technical parameters that are important to select the correct PIC controller for your application design. So, its better to list the correct requirement to get the desired output. Specification about each option must be understand to get the desirable result.

Embedded features
Most PIC comes with embedded analog peripherals like ADC, DAC, comparator, connectivity ports like USB, digital communication extensions etc. This is an important criterion to select the PIC.

Timer
Every PIC micro controller programming device comes with an inbuilt timer that could vary like 8, 16 or 32 bit pulse measurement. In general and 8 bit PIC with 16 bit timer is most preferred for all hobby projects. But you can also opt for higher specification if your requirement is higher.

Apart from this the operating frequency is also a criterion for selecting the ideal micro controller for your creative project. Whatever project you choose makes sure to take minimum help from any experts and try to take maximum help from online knowledge this will help you to have more in depth knowledge on micro controller. Micro controller is a very interesting concept only good knowledge can give actual interest so read and understand about all before practical implementation.

How to select the right EEPROM Programmer for your Electronic Device?

Do you know what keeps your device configuration data safe in the computer when the system's power turns off all of a sudden? There is a small chip known as electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) which does this wonder. This non-volatile memory can be read, erased and even re-written making it the ideal choice for creating flash memory in USB drives. There are different types of EEPROMS available in the market. The factors that help users to select the right category of EEPROM for their project activity are:

Technical specifications
The technical parameters like memory density, memory organization, nominal supply voltage, maximum clock frequency, number of pins, single or dual in line, cycle time, access time, packaging time etc helps the users to refine their selection criterion while choosing an EEPROM according to the design specification. Knowledge on each must be good and then only you will know exact criteria for your requirement.

Usability specification
The second factor that helps to select the EEPROM for one's use is its end usage. Chips like flash EEPROM, serial EEPROM, I2C EEPROM, microchip EEPROM etc are available with leading manufacturers that are used to make erasable flash memories like USB EEPROM programmers that are used by everyone for storing their important data.

EEPROM makes mass data storage solution simple. The transfer rate is very fast and data space provided is also big.  But to achieve your objective you must be clear about the each specification then only ultimate goal can be achieved.  Market is full of this types of memory but its always advisable to check the device before you buy it. If you are going for online option then its advisable to go with brand to ensure best quality in an affordable price. 

An Overview of EEPROM Basics

The EEPROM, a revolutionary technology is nothing but a type of memory chip that is amenable to electrical alteration and has been used for several years as a sort of semiconductor. There are some associated factors with this technology which a user must know in detail for getting better results. Here is an overview of the basics of EEPROM for your clear idea. Go through this write-up to get enlightened about the same:

EEPROM chip development

Adjudged as one of the earliest types of non-volatile chips, the development of EEPROM arose from the generic EPROM technology in late 1970s. The initial semiconductor chips would be programmed, with system software and erased later on by exposing them to ultraviolet radiation to change the software. Although such operations were acceptable then, the semiconductor memories always lingered as an electrical presence. The need for their electrical erasure is what triggered the development of these.

EEPROM chip basics

Memory chips store data in the non-volatile form which makes it easy to read, erase as well as write data onto it. Latest ones integrate a source of high voltage to perform the function of data erasure and eliminate the need of running more than one supply. Thus, such a memory device incurs reduced costs of overall EEPROM circuit and also entails a simple design. Due to this low cost and simple design it is easy and convenient to use.

EEPROM technology finds a prominent place in multiple aspects of electronics industry. It can be adjusted easily in small packages and is easy to operate with an EEPROM chip reader. These readers are available in online portals or with reliable suppliers. But before getting these, checking quality and other necessary aspects are equally important to enjoy hassle-free results in the future.

Top Benefits of In-circuit Programmers

EEPROM or Electronically Erasable & Programmable ROM is nothing but a ROM chip that can be programmed, erased and again re-programmed for infinite number of times virtually in a simply, inexpensive way. EEPROM USB programmer is built on the premise of in-system programming. In-system programming offers a way to program devices after their placement on circuit board. With these in-circuit techniques it is possible to do away with additional manufacturing steps or handling process needed to program a chip externally.

The main benefits of such programmers are listed below. Have a look on these and get inspired to use the same:

• Convenience of use: In-circuit programmers can carry out programming of chips even when they are installed in bulky computer systems. As such these are greatly preferred by the users for their easy functionalities and convenience of use in any kind of systems.

• Shorten the cycle of development: These programmers integrate several phases of program integration as well testing into one single production phase, thereby reducing the cycle of manufacturing facilities. As the cycle of development gets reduced the product reaches the customers within short period of time.

• Low risks of damage & failure: In-circuit programmers employ a very safe procedure, as they negate all risks of hazardous leads damage and also reduce likelihood of breakdown of devices through electrostatic discharge. Owing to this safety of usage they are preferred mostly.

Such programmers are also extremely flexible to design changes and compatible with various test equipments in all, they can be used for both large devices and small, with equal efficiency. As such more users are opting these devices nowadays. But considering the sensitivity of these products these should be purchased only from renowned stores to avoid low quality products and future hassles.

PLD Kits for Trainers are an Indispensable Tool to Utilize the Working Benefits of PLDs

The three major types of devices that is reigning the arena of digital and electronic systems are memory, programmable logic and microprocessors. Logic devices, both fixed and programmable ones take care of specific functions that include interfacing, signal processing, data communication, data displays, controlling operations and every basic function performed by a system.

Logic Devices: Fixed vs Programmable

Programmable logic devices offer a host of advantages as compared to their fixed counterparts. Programmable logic devices allow designers to make use of cheap software tools in order to construct, simulate and quickly test the designs before making them public. The design may be programmed quickly in the device to test it on the live circuit. The PLD used for prototyping is essentially the same PLD used in the manufacture of the concerned end equipment, like a modem, network router or even a CD player. Apart from ensuring quick completion of design, this process incurs nil NRE costs.

Important advantages of PLDs

• Greater flexibility: PLD endows customers with greater flexibility during design cycle as design iterations require a simple change of the programs and the outcomes can be immediately visualized on the working parts.

• Quick prototyping: PLDs never require prolonged lead times to prototype production parts as they are always ready for transport. The quick prototyping is a feature of this process.

• Control over inventory: PLDs form a cost-effective solution in the sense that they allow consumers to order exact number of parts without the need to stock up for the future. This reduces wastage and unnecessary expenditure.

PLD training kit is an important and indispensable product to get acquainted with the beneficial programmable logic devices and employ their benefits for the requirements of the product manufacture to the fullest.

The Layman's Guide to the World of Programmable Logic Devices

Introduction to PLDs

Programmable logic devices are integrated circuits that can be programmed manually using a description language like VHDL, CUPL, ADA or Verilog. These devices make it possible to generate accurate schematics for the building of files that can be utilized to program devices.

Programmable logic is one of the several types. Older versions such as PAL20R8, GAL22v10, 22V10 and 20V8 have been in use for many years. More recent types include complex programmable logic devices or CPLD like XC2C32A and XC3S50 by Xilinx that have resulted in the improvement of the original form of devices.

PLD types

Programmable logic devices are of two types, the PLD and its variants as well as FPGA. These two categories differ in terms of their architecture. While FPGA Include several flip-flops, PLDS do not have much of these things. Additionally, FPGAs of today comprise features like in-built multipliers, reliable block ram part and the ability to handle interface standards. CPLDs do not require extra devices for programming and retain their programs in event of a power loss. They also consume less power and are competent to handle various signaling schemes like LVDS and HSTL. Owing to these benefits such devices are considered to be highly efficient.

Efficient handling of PLDs require knowledge and an initial training period, that can be made possible with the help of a USB PLD training kit. The latter can be used as an inexpensive programming unit too. Only experts and trained professionals are considered to be eligible to handle these devices with perfection and precision. Here for any aspiring user, it is a must to start up with the training kit and once after gaining competence he or she can use it efficiently. These training kits are easily available in online stores of renowned suppliers.